![]() ![]() Furthermore, a reduced number of vehicles in the city leads to less noise pollution. From 2013 to 2019, the annual average estimated reduction of CO₂ emissions amounts to 578,918 tCO₂eq which is equivalent to the emissions of around 123,174 cars per year. environmental benefits in the form of reduced GHG and other air pollutant emissions (CO₂, PM and NOx).The reduced transport times, along with increased safety, reliability and comfort attract many car and taxi drivers to the new system, which in turn leads to an improved traffic flow in the city. ![]() improved fuel efficiency per passenger due to new and larger buses.The City of Bogota has also implemented car-free days, peak hour car restrictions, bicycle schemes and pedestrian and public space improvements. By 2024, it is planned to include a metro train system that will expand the network by 388 km. The system consists of dedicated bus routes, large-capacity buses and elevated bus stations. Phase 3 and 4 are currently under feasability studies. Phase 2 provides additional busways of 131.4 km: 42 km more was completed in 2006, 22 km was completed in 2012, and 7 km in 2015. The first phase of 42km was completed in 2000. The implementation of TransMilenio has four phases. The public sector is responsible for the implementation of the infrastructure and also for the planning, control and monitoring of the system operation, while the private sector is in charge of operating and maintaining the buses. Representatives from the national and local business sector, public agencies, government officials and bus operators from the previous public transportation system were involved in the planning and implementation of the new BRT system. TransMilenio was developed via a public-private partnership. Bogotá is on the Colombian section of the Pan-American and Simón Bolívar highways and has road connections with all major Colombian cities. Railroads connect Bogotá with the Caribbean coast to the north and via (Puerto Beriro) with the Pacific coast to the west. Bogotá is the hub of air travel in the nation and the home of South America's first commercial airline Avianca (Aerovías Nacionales de Colombia). Bogotá is a major center for the import and export of goods for Colombia and the Andean Community in Latin America and is the home of Colombia's tire, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. Additionally, most companies (domestic and international) in Colombia have their headquarters in Bogotá. As the capital city, it houses a number of government agencies including the national military headquarters and is the center of Colombia's telecommunications network. Bogotá is the headquarters for all major commercial banks, and the Banco de la República, Colombia's central bank as well as Colombia's main stock market.
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